Online dictionary of France travel and tourism: Galeries Lafayette,Gard bridge,Gare d'Austerlitz,Gare de l'Est,Gare de Lyon,Gare du Nord,Gare Montparnasse,Gare Saint Lazare,Grand Trianon palace,Grenoble

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Galeries Lafayette

French words: Galeries Lafayette , Les Galeries Lafayette
alternative words: Gallery Lafayette
keywords: paris, shop
related topics: Printemps
related web sites: http://www.galerieslafayette.com , http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeries_Lafayette_Haussmann
explanation: Created in 1893 on Lafayette street 1 by 2 cousins, Théophile Bader and Alphonse Kahn, Galeries Lafayette is the last major department store appeared in the 19th century. In 1905, Galeries Lafayette being extended to Boulevard Haussmann, Georges Chedanne and Ferdinand Chanut were charged to design a new building. In 1975, with 47800 m2 of surface, Galeries Lafayette at Haussmann surpassed the sales of its rivals like Printemps. In 1992, the group purchased 2 department stores, Nouvelles Galeries and BHV.

Gard bridge

French words: Pont du Gard
alternative words: Gard aqueduct, Pont du Gard
keywords: human heritage, roman remains, southern france, tourist resort
related topics: Nimes
related web sites: http://www.vers-pont-du-gard.fr/afterintro.htm , http://www.vers-pont-du-gard.fr/tpatrimoine11.php , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont_du_Gard
explanation: Gard bridge was built by Romans between 40 and 60 A. D. over Gardon river in order to bring waters to Nimes city located 25km south-west in Gard prefecture. The length of aqueduct was about 50km with gradient of only 34cm per km and it delivered 20,000 m3 per day. The bridge height is 47m with arches of 3 levels and the length is 275m. After the collapse of Roman empire, the aqueduct has been no more maintained and during Middle ages, the bridge was used only as a road to pass another side of the river.

Gare d'Austerlitz

French words: Gare d'Austerlitz
alternative words: Austerlitz station, Paris Austerlitz station, Austerlitz railroad station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: TGV , RER , Paris subway , Gare Montparnasse , SNCF , Orleans
related web sites: http://www.paris.org/Gares/Austerlitz/ , http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz
explanation: Located on the left bank of Seine river in southeastern Paris near Botanic Garden, Gare d'Austerlitz was built in 1840 in order to serve Paris-Corbeil then Paris-Orleans line. The subsequent extension was designed by the architect Pierre-Louis Renaud between 1865-1868 but Parisians have never loved its metallic structure. The first subway line arrives in the second floor because it has then to cross over the Seine. After an opening of Atlantic TGV line, many passengers has passed to Montparnasse station.

Gare de l'Est

French words: Gare de l'Est
alternative words: Eastern station, East station, East railroad station, Paris east station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: TGV , RER , Strasbourg , Paris subway , Gare du Nord , SNCF
related web sites: http://www.paris.org/Gares/de.l.Est/ , http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_de_l%27Est
explanation: Locate at northern end of Strasbourg avenue just near Gare du Nord, Gare de l'Est was built between 1847-1850 by the architect François-Alexandre Duquesney in order to serve Paris-Strasbourg line functioning since 1844. Its western wing, original of this epoch, is decorated with a statue of Strasbourg while the eastern wing, a statue of Verdun. In 1883, the first Orient Express departed from there. After an opening of the line E of RER, it has lost many passengers, waiting for the arrival of Eastern TGV.

Gare de Lyon

French words: Gare de Lyon
alternative words: Lyon station, Lyon railroad station, Gare de Lyon station, Paris Lyon station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: Lyon , TGV , Paris subway , RER , SNCF
related web sites: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon_%28Paris%29 , http://www.paris.org/Gares/Lyon/
explanation: Located in eastern Paris on the right bank of the Seine, the railroad station "Gare de Lyon" was built in 1855 as a terminus for Lyon and Mediterranean region. In order to host the world exposition of 1900, the station was enlarged between 1895-1902 by Marius Toudoire as architect. A clock tower, the restaurant "train bleu" and the 1st Paris subway station were also added at the same time. In 1977, The line A of RER for the eastern Paris suburb was opened. Since 1981, Paris-Lyon TGV has been served there.

Gare du Nord

French words: Gare du Nord
alternative words: North station, North railroad station, Northern station, Gare du nord station, Paris North station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: TGV , Paris subway , RER , Eurostar , SNCF , Lille
related web sites: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_du_Nord_%28Paris%29 , http://www.paris.org/Gares/Nord/
explanation: Located in northern Paris, the station "Gare du Nord" was built in 1846 in order to serve the northern France like Lille and Amiens, and London. Becoming quickly too small, it was enlarged between 1861-1865 by Jacques Hittorff as architect who put 23 statues on the front, each representing a destination city. In 1906-1908, the subway which links the north and south Paris arrived. The line B of RER for De Gaulle airport was opened in 1981. The northern TGV and Eurostar have been served there since 1993-1994.

Gare Montparnasse

French words: Gare Montparnasse
alternative words: Montparnasse station, Montparnasse railroad station, Gare Montparnasse station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: Montparnasse tower , TGV , Paris subway , SNCF
related web sites: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse , http://perso.wanadoo.fr/roland.arzul/etat/paris/montparnasse.htm , http://www.paris.org/Gares/Montparnasse/
explanation: Located in southern Paris, the station "Gare Montparnasse" was built in 1840 at the end of Rennes street with the name of "Gare de l'Ouest". Becoming quickly too small, it was replaced by the architect Victor Lenoir between 1848-1852. In 1895, an arriving locomotive fell from the 2nd floor to the street. The old station had survived until 1960's when a skyscraper "Montparnasse tower" and a new station hundreds meters backward were built by a new urbanization. Since 1990, Atlantic TGV has been served there.

Gare Saint Lazare

French words: Gare Saint Lazare
alternative words: Saint Lazare station, Saint Lazare railroad station, Gare Saint Lazare station
keywords: building, paris, transport
related topics: Paris subway
related web sites: http://www.paris.org/Gares/Saint.Lazare/ , http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_Saint-Lazare
explanation: Built in 1837 in northwestern Paris near a department store district, "Gare Saint Lazare" is the oldest railroad station of Paris. Becoming too small, it was successively enlarged between 1841-1843 and between 1851-1853. The station scene has been immortalized by Monet's painting "Gare Saint Lazare" in 1877. The present station was built by Juste Lisch between 1885-1889 for the occasion of 1889's world exposition and presents a 17th century Beaux-Arts style frontage with the direct link to a terminus hotel.

Grand Trianon palace

French words: Grand Trianon , Palais du Grand Trianon
alternative words: Grand Trianon
keywords: castle, human heritage, paris suburb, tourist resort
related topics: Versailles palace , Petit Trianon palace
related web sites: http://www.insecula.com/musee/M0038.html , http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Trianon
explanation: In 1670, Louis XIV asked the architect Louis le Vau to build a private palace so he could escape from a burden of protocols in Versailles Palace. The first palace covered with bleu and white faience tiles happened to be too fragile, Jules Hardouin-Mansart was charged to replace it between 1687-1688 by a flat baroque building decorated with rose marble. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette preferred Petit Trianon. After being vandalized by French revolution, Napoleon inhabited Grand Trianon between 1805-1815.

Grenoble

French words: Grenoble
keywords: alps, tourist resort, town
related web sites: http://www.grenoble.fr , http://membres.lycos.fr/grenoble2000/hist/hist.html
explanation: Located at the confluence of 2 rivers, Drac and Isere, Romans had already built a fortress in Grenoble due to its strategic importance. During the middle ages, Grenoble was an independent state, then sold to France in 1349 to become a fief of the French crown prince. Grenoble is now the capital of Isere prefecture. Owning an university and many scientific laboratories such as ESRF, it is also one of the largest research centers in France. Grenoble organizes Winter Olympics in 1968. The population is 153000.

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